Turkmenistan

Turkmenistan overview

Turkmenistan is in Central Asia, Asia. Its capital is Ashgabat. The World Bank counts about 7.6 million people for 2025 on 491,209 km² of surface area.

In the Travle map, Turkmenistan has 4 neighbours: Afghanistan, Iran, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan. From there, 125 countries can be reached by land.

Population, density and language

The World Bank counts 7,618,847 people in Turkmenistan for 2025, which is 103rd of 170 by population. Spread over 491,209 km² of surface area (2024), that is about 16 people per km², 152nd of 169 by density.

Rankings compare the entries in Travle's country list that have World Bank data (170 with population, 169 with surface area). Some list entries are territories, so a rank here is not a rank among sovereign states.

CLDR shares are estimates of people who use each language, so they can add up to more than 100%.

How big is Turkmenistan, really?

With 491,209 km² (2024, land plus inland water), Turkmenistan is 54th of 169 by surface area and covers 0.35% of the combined area of those entries.

In that ordering, Spain (505,981 km²) is just larger; Cameroon (475,442 km²) just smaller.

Turkmenistan at a glance

Each figure is sourced in its own section below. "Not available" means no source used on this page has the figure.

Turkmenistan within Central Asia

Natural Earth places Turkmenistan in Central Asia (UN subregion). Of the 5 entries from Travle's country list in that subregion, Turkmenistan is 4th by population and 2nd by surface area, with 9.1% of the combined population of those entries.

Entries in Central Asia from Travle's country list, by World Bank population

Country	Population (2025)	Area km² (2024)
Uzbekistan	37,053,428	448,923
Kazakhstan	20,843,754	2,724,902
Tajikistan	10,786,734	141,379
Turkmenistan	7,618,847	491,209
Kyrgyzstan	7,343,064	199,950

Sources: World Bank WDI (SP.POP.TOTL, AG.SRF.TOTL.K2), data updated 2026-10-08; subregion from Natural Earth 1:110m. A dash means the World Bank has no figure.

Location, borders and position

Turkmenistan is in Central Asia, Asia. Its outline in Natural Earth lies in the northern hemisphere and the eastern hemisphere. Its capital, Ashgabat, is at about 37.9° N and 58.4° E.

On land, Natural Earth's boundary data gives Turkmenistan 4 neighbours; the Travle game map gives it 4.

Sources: Natural Earth 1:110m (outline and capital) and 1:10m boundary lines (neighbours), public domain.

Where Turkmenistan is on the map

Countries bordering Turkmenistan

Natural Earth's boundary data and the Travle map agree on these 4 land neighbours.

Land neighbours of Turkmenistan: geographic boundary data compared with the Travle game map

Country	Direction	Land boundary in Natural Earth	Border in Travle
Afghanistan	south-east	Yes	Yes
Iran	south-west	Yes	Yes
Kazakhstan	north-east	Yes	Yes
Uzbekistan	north-east	Yes	Yes

Geographic column: Natural Earth 1:10m Admin-0 boundary lines (land) 5.1.0 (public domain), checked 2026-10-19; Natural Earth shows de facto boundaries and does not settle disputes. Travle column: the game's own border map.

Money and language in Turkmenistan

Currency

• Turkmenistan New Manat: code TMT, numeric 934. ISO 4217 lists it for this country only.

Official languages

• Turkmen: official only here, according to CLDR.

CLDR is a technical reference, not a legal text. Laws and constitutions can describe languages differently.

Currency, domain and dialling code

Turkmenistan codes and abbreviations

Sources: Natural Earth (ISO 3166-1), ISO 4217 list one (SIX), IANA Root Zone Database, ITU E.164 list; linked with dates in the sections above.

Fun facts about Turkmenistan

• The longest Travle trip from Turkmenistan takes 12 steps, to Lesotho.
• UNESCO lists 5 World Heritage properties in Turkmenistan; the earliest inscription dates from 1999.

Each fact is calculated from the sources cited on this page.

How far can you travel from Turkmenistan in Travle?

Starting from Turkmenistan and moving one border at a time, this is how many countries in the game's map you reach at each step. Countries that need a sea crossing never appear, because the game only follows land borders.

In total 125 of the 171 other countries in the map can be reached by land. The longest trips take 12 steps and end in Lesotho. The other 46 cannot be reached without crossing the sea (18 in North America, 13 in South America, 6 in Oceania, 5 in Asia, 3 in Europe, 1 in Africa).

Nearby routes from Turkmenistan

Shortest land routes in the game's map to the countries up to 3 steps away. There can be several routes of the same length; this list shows one. The section above shows how many countries are reachable in total.

• Afghanistan: 1 step (Turkmenistan → Afghanistan)
• Iran: 1 step (Turkmenistan → Iran)
• Kazakhstan: 1 step (Turkmenistan → Kazakhstan)
• Uzbekistan: 1 step (Turkmenistan → Uzbekistan)
• Armenia: 2 steps (Turkmenistan → Iran → Armenia)
• Azerbaijan: 2 steps (Turkmenistan → Iran → Azerbaijan)
• China: 2 steps (Turkmenistan → Afghanistan → China)
• Iraq: 2 steps (Turkmenistan → Iran → Iraq)
• Kyrgyzstan: 2 steps (Turkmenistan → Kazakhstan → Kyrgyzstan)
• Pakistan: 2 steps (Turkmenistan → Afghanistan → Pakistan)
• Russia: 2 steps (Turkmenistan → Kazakhstan → Russia)
• Tajikistan: 2 steps (Turkmenistan → Afghanistan → Tajikistan)
• Turkey: 2 steps (Turkmenistan → Iran → Turkey)
• Belarus: 3 steps (Turkmenistan → Kazakhstan → Russia → Belarus)
• Bhutan: 3 steps (Turkmenistan → Afghanistan → China → Bhutan)
• Bulgaria: 3 steps (Turkmenistan → Iran → Turkey → Bulgaria)
• Estonia: 3 steps (Turkmenistan → Kazakhstan → Russia → Estonia)
• Finland: 3 steps (Turkmenistan → Kazakhstan → Russia → Finland)
• Georgia: 3 steps (Turkmenistan → Iran → Armenia → Georgia)
• Greece: 3 steps (Turkmenistan → Iran → Turkey → Greece)
• India: 3 steps (Turkmenistan → Afghanistan → China → India)
• Jordan: 3 steps (Turkmenistan → Iran → Iraq → Jordan)
• Kuwait: 3 steps (Turkmenistan → Iran → Iraq → Kuwait)
• Laos: 3 steps (Turkmenistan → Afghanistan → China → Laos)
• Latvia: 3 steps (Turkmenistan → Kazakhstan → Russia → Latvia)
• Lithuania: 3 steps (Turkmenistan → Kazakhstan → Russia → Lithuania)
• Mongolia: 3 steps (Turkmenistan → Afghanistan → China → Mongolia)
• Myanmar: 3 steps (Turkmenistan → Afghanistan → China → Myanmar)
• Nepal: 3 steps (Turkmenistan → Afghanistan → China → Nepal)
• North Korea: 3 steps (Turkmenistan → Afghanistan → China → North Korea)
• Norway: 3 steps (Turkmenistan → Kazakhstan → Russia → Norway)
• Poland: 3 steps (Turkmenistan → Kazakhstan → Russia → Poland)
• Saudi Arabia: 3 steps (Turkmenistan → Iran → Iraq → Saudi Arabia)
• Syria: 3 steps (Turkmenistan → Iran → Iraq → Syria)
• Ukraine: 3 steps (Turkmenistan → Kazakhstan → Russia → Ukraine)
• Vietnam: 3 steps (Turkmenistan → Afghanistan → China → Vietnam)

World Heritage in Turkmenistan

UNESCO lists 5 World Heritage properties in Turkmenistan: 4 cultural and 1 natural. The first, inscribed in 1999, was State Historical and Cultural Park “Ancient Merv”.

• State Historical and Cultural Park “Ancient Merv” (cultural, inscribed 1999)
• Kunya-Urgench (cultural, inscribed 2005)
• Parthian Fortresses of Nisa (cultural, inscribed 2007)
• Cold Winter Deserts of Turan (natural, inscribed 2023, shared with other countries)
• Silk Roads: Zarafshan-Karakum Corridor (cultural, inscribed 2023, shared with other countries)

Source: UNESCO World Heritage List (XML feed); checked 2026-10-19. Names as listed by UNESCO; descriptions on this page are our own.

Turkmenistan — frequently asked questions

What is the capital of Turkmenistan?

Ashgabat.

Which countries border Turkmenistan?

On land, Afghanistan, Iran, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, according to Natural Earth's boundary data. The Travle map uses the same neighbours.

What currency and language does Turkmenistan use?

The currency is the Turkmenistan New Manat (TMT). Unicode CLDR gives Turkmen official status.

How far can you travel from Turkmenistan in Travle?

Following land borders only, 125 countries are reachable. The farthest need 12 steps: Lesotho.

How many people live in Turkmenistan?

The World Bank counts 7,618,847 people for 2025.

How big is Turkmenistan?

491,209 km² of surface area (2024), according to the World Bank.

What is the dialling code and internet domain of Turkmenistan?

The international dialling code is +993 and the country-code domain is .tm.

What time zone does Turkmenistan use?

UTC+05:00 all year (2026).

Keep exploring

• Spin the country wheel to get a random country.
• Play Travle and try to cross the map border by border.
• Browse all countries of the world, countries by population, capitals, country codes or try the flag quiz.